Guideline on management of the acute asthma attack in children by Italian Society of Pediatrics.

Comparison of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Compared to Midazolam as a Premedication in Pediatrics with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

A study on the efficacy and safety of combining dental surgery with tonsillectomy in pediatrics

Validation of the Proxy Version of Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi) in Children Receiving Cancer Treatments.

Validation of the Proxy Version of Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (SSPedi) in Children Receiving Cancer Treatments.

Acquired diaphragmatic hernia in pediatrics after living donor liver transplantation: Three cases report and review of literature

Abstract

RATIONALE:

Diaphragmatic hernia (DH) in pediatrics following living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been seldom reported in the past.

PATIENT CONCERNS:

We report successful diagnosis and treatment of three pediatric cases with DH secondary to LDLT, discuss the possible etiology, and review the relevant literature.

DIAGNOSES:

The primary disease was biliary atresia and DH was diagnosed by computed tomography scan or x-ray of chest.

INTERVENTIONS:

Laparotomy was performed successfully to repair the DH.

OUTCOMES:

The respiratory and digestive function was gradually recovered in 1 to 2 weeks after repair operation. In 2 to 8 months follow-up, patients were asymptomatic without any respiratory or digestive complications.

LESSONS:

DH post-LDLT should be recognized as a possible complication when a left lateral segment graft is used. Careful clinical examination and prompt surgery could minimize complications.

How Does Your PICCOMPARE? A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Various PICC Materials in Pediatrics

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Despite the popularity of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs), recent literature highlights their potential injurious complications. Innovative PICC materials have been developed to prevent thrombosis and infection formation (Endexo®) and antireflux valves to prevent occlusion (pressure-activated safety valve®). No large randomized controlled trial has assessed these technologies. Our primary aim was to evaluate the feasibility of a large randomized controlled efficacy trial of PICC materials and design to reduce PICC complication in pediatrics.

METHODS:

A randomized controlled feasibility trial was undertaken at the Lady Cilento Children's Hospital in South Brisbane, Australia, between March 2016 and November 2016. Consecutive recruitment of 150 pediatric participants were randomly assigned to receive either (1) polyurethane PICC with a clamp or (2) BioFlo® PICC (AngioDynamics Inc, Queensbury, NY). Primary outcomes were trial feasibility, including PICC failure (thrombosis, occlusion, infection, breakage, or dislodgement). Secondary outcomes were PICC complications during use.

An update on Cushing syndrome in pediatrics

Abstract

Cushing syndrome (CS) in childhood results mostly from the exogenous administration of glucocorticoids; endogenous CS is a rare disease. The latter is the main reason pediatric patients with CS escape diagnosis for too long. Other barriers to optimal care of a pediatric patient with CS include improper following of the proper sequence of testing for diagnosing CS, which stems from lack of understanding of pathophysiology of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; lack of access to proper (i.e., experienced, state-of-the-art) surgical treatment; and unavailability of well-tolerated and effective medications to control hypercortisolemia. This report reviews the state-of-the-art in diagnosing CS and provides an update on the most recent discoveries in its genetics and treatment.